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Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs or Managed Care)


Membership in a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) requires plan members to obtain their health care services from doctors and hospitals affiliated with the HMO. It is common practice in HMOs for the plan member to choose a primary care physician who treats and directs health care decisions and who coordinates referrals to specialties within the HMO network. The doctors and hospital personnel may be employees of the HMO or contracted providers. Since HMOs operate in restricted geographic regions, this may limit coverage for plan members if medical treatment is obtained outside the HMO network or coverage area. California HMOs are required to cover medically necessary emergency services even when outside of their coverage area. The intent of managed care products is to create less costly delivery of health care services while maintaining quality health care. HMOs offer access to a comprehensive package of covered health care services in return for a prepaid monthly amount (premium). Most HMOs charge a small co-payment depending upon the type of service provided.

All HMOs in California are regulated by the Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC). If you have a complaint with an HMO, contact the member services department of your HMO. HMOs are required to have an internal complaint/grievance process in place. If you file a grievance and it has not been resolved within 30 days or there is some question as to the HMOs decision, then you may contact the DMHC for assistance. Please see contact information listed for the DMHC in the "Resources" section of this brochure

Important Points to Remember About Health Maintenance Organizations:

  • You must obtain health care services from HMO providers, except in certain emergency situations.
  • Your choice of primary care physician is important because he/she directs your care. Also, your primary care physician often coordinates referrals to specialties within the HMO.
  • Your options may be limited by the geographic restrictions of the HMO network.
  • You may be charged a small co-payment each time you utilize an HMO covered service.
  • You can seek assistance from the DMHC on all HMO and managed care questions.
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